Dynamo-electric machine.



PATENTE!) NOV. 5, 1967.

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M. PPATISCHBR.

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WITN ESSE No. 870,313. C PCATBNTED NOV. 5, 1907. M. PFATISCHER.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

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M. PEATISCHER.

DYNAMC ELECTRIC MACHINE.

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No. 870,313. PATENTBD NOV. 5, 1907. M. PFATISCHBR.

DYNAMO BLBGTRIG MACHINE.

urLronIon num JULYns. 190e.

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WITNESSES: INVENTOR:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATHIAS PFATISCHER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO ELECTRODYNAMIC COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, 1907.

Application filed July 23. 1906. Serial No. 327,278.

To all uhom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, MATHIAs PFATIBCHER, of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inDynamo-Electric Machines, whereof the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved construction andarrangement of the magnetic circuit of the commutating field, in allthose types of dynamoelectric machines in which it is advisable ornecessary to create an auxiliary magnetic field for the purpose ofeffecting good commutation. I have illustrated my invention as appliedto the type of such machines described in United States Letters PatentNo. 775,310, granted to me November 22nd, 1904. It is characteristic ofmy improved construction that the main polar projections and auxiliarypolar projections are respectively included in magnetic circuits whichare separate and distinct, the magnetic circuit of said auxiliaryprojections being formed by the latter in conjunction with the iron ofthe armature.

My invention comprises the various novel features of `construction andarrangement hereinafter more definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure I, is a longitudinal sectional view of a motorconveniently embodying my improvements. Fig. II, is an elevation of theright hand end of said motor as shown in Fig. I, the shaft bearingbracket and parts connected therewith being omitted.

Fig. III, is a longitudinal sectional view of a motor, showing amodified form of my invention, wherein the alternate auxiliary polarprojections respectively extend from the opposite ends of the coil whichenergizes them. Fig. IV, is an elevation of lthe right hand end of themotor shown in Fig. III, the shaft bearing brackets and parts connectedtherewith being omitted, Fig. V, is a sectional view of a motor, showinga modified form of my invention, wherein the coil which energizes theauxiliary polar projections is rotary and carried by the armature shaft.Fig. VI, is a diagrammatic view showing the wiring connections of amotor conveniently embodying my improvement. i.

Referring to Figs. I, II and VI, the main field mag net frame 1, isprovided with four main field pole pieces or projections 2, and twoauxiliary field pole pieces or projections 4, conveniently formed inunitary relation with the auxiliary field magnet frame 5, are disposedat top and bottoni of said frannl 1, to which they are respectivelyconnected by the plates 6. The armature 7, is provided with the shaft 8,andfmounted to rotate concentrically with respect to the two' series ofpolar projections 2 and 4, in the bearings 10, in the brackets 1l, whichare conveniently made separate from said frame 1, and secured to theopposite ends thereof as best shown in Fig. I.

The commutator 12, comprises segments respectively connected with thedivisional coils 13, of the armature, and is provided with carbonbrushes 14 and 15, supported by respective brush holders 16, one ofwhich is indicated in Fig. I. Said brush 14, is connected by the lead 17with the supply main 18, and said brush 15, is connected by the lead 20,with the single coil 22, whereby the auxiliary polar projections 4, areenergized. Said coil 22, is wound on the tubular core 23, which is a hubon the auxiliary field magnet frame 5, in concentric relation with thearmature shaft 8, and in axial alinement with the armature, and, isconnected jections, the last one in the series of said coils 33, being lconnected by the lead 34, with said supply main 25.

It may be observed that by the arrangement above described, the coils33, for the main poles 2, are connected in series relation with eachother, but in shunt relation with the armature windings, 13, whereas thecoil 22, for the auxiliary poles 4, is connected in series relation withthe armature windings 13. The direction of rotation of the armature maybe determined by the direction of current through said windings 13, andsuch direction may be reversed by any suitable switch device; forinstance, that indicated at 36, in Fig. VI.

The rheostat above described constitutes preferable means for manuallyvarying the strength of the main field of the motor including thepolarprojections 2, and their coils 33, to weaken said field in'correspondence with any desired increase in the number of revolutionsof the armature.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. I and II, the shaft 8, isprovided with a fan wheel 38, between the right hand bearing bracket 11,and the coil22, so that whenever the armature is rotated, air iscirculated with respect to said coils 22, and 33, and maintains them atsuch a temperature as to permit the operation of the motor with a loadconsiderably greater than is permissible with a motor of ordinaryconstruction. However, said air circulating means may be omitted from amotor, otherwise constructed in accordance with my invention, forinstance, as indicated in Figs. III, and IV. The arrangement shown inFigs. III and IV, also differs from that shown in Figs. I, and

II, in that whereas, the core 23, of the coil 22, common to the twoauxiliary polar projections 4, extends inwardly toward the armature 7,the core 40, extends.

outwardly with respect to the armature as shown in Fig. llI, and, theauxiliary coil 4l, which is wound thereon in axial alinement with thearmature is common to the four auxiliary polar projections 42, which aredisposed in alternate relation with respect to the main polarprojections 2, and are supported in concentric relation with thearmature shaft 8, by the auxiliary field magnet frame comprising theseparable transverse members 43 and 44, as shown in Fig. IV. Woreover,the auxiliary polar projections 4, extend from ber 44, being extendedfrom the outer end of said coil.

The last described construction is advantageous in that the coil 4l, maybe readily removed and replaced, said auxiliary frame member 44, whichcarries the core 40, being detachably secured to the frame member 43 inthe position shown, by the bolts 45. Said auxiliary field magnet frameis also'detachably secured in concentric relation with the main fieldmagnet framel,

' by the bolts 46, which engage the annular plate 47, as

shown in Figs. III and IV.

Although for simplicity of construction it is preferable to have thesingle coil, which energizes the aux, iliary polar projections, instationary relation with the latter; said coil may be rotary, and may becarried by the armature shaft as indicated in Fig. V. In said gure, thecoil 48, which is woundupon the core 49, in unitary relation with thearmature core 50, secured upon the armature shaft 8, of course rotateswith the armature, but is arranged to energize the auxiliary fieldmagnet frame 5l, having the polar projections 52, which are stationary.In the last described arrangement, the coil 48, is included in a circuitestablished through the slip rings 53, and 54, which are provided withsuitable contact brushes. A

It may be observed that although in the form of my invention abovedescribed wherein all of the auxiliary polar projections are of the samepolarity, lines of force .in the auxiliary field, local to the armature,extend radially with respect to the armature, and, in the form of myinvention wherein the polar projections are of respectively alternatepolarity, lines of. force of the auxiliary field, local to the armature,extend circumferentially with respect to the latter it is characteristicof all of the forms of my invention above described, that the auxiliarypolar projections are energized by a single coil which is disposed inaxial alinement with the armature, and that'said auxiliary projectionsare included with the iron' of the armature in a magnetic circuit whichis separate and distinct from the magnetic circuit including the mainpolar projections.

Although I prefer to arrange the magnetizing coil of the auxiliarymagnetic field as a single coil concentric with the armature shaft, itis to be understood that many of the advantages of my improvement may beattained without that specific construction.

It is to be understood that I do not'desire to limit myself to thcIprecise details of construction and arrangement herein set forth as itis obvious that-various modifications may be made therein withoutdeparting from the essential features of my invention.

I claim l. ln a direct current shunt wound motor, the combination withan armature; of a field magnet frame provided with main polarprojections; auxiliary polar projections ofdifferent cross sectionalarea, said auxiliary polar projections forming, in conjunction with thearmature iron, a magnetic circuit independent of that of the main polarprojections; a coil common to said auxlliarypoles disposed in axialalinement with the armature; means connecting said main coils in shuntrelation to the armature windings; means connecting said auxiliary coilln series relation to the armature windings and, means arranged toadjustahly vary the strength of the current in saidshunt coils.independently of said seriescoil, substantially as Set forth. i

2. In a direct current lsh-unt wound motor, the combination with anarmature; of a field magnet frame provided with main polar projections;auxiliary polar projections of different cross sectional area; coils forsaid main polar projections; a coil common to said auxiliary polarprojections, disposed in axial alinement with the armature; meansconnecting said main coils in shunt relation to the armature windings;and means connecting said auxiliary coil in series relation to thearmature windings, substantially as set forth. 1

3. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature; of aeld magnet frame supporting a set of main polar projections and a set ofauxiliary polar pro-4 4. In a dynamo electric machine, the combinationwith an armature of a eld magnet frame provided with main polarprojections; auxiliary polar projections located between said main polarprojections; and, a coil for said auxiliary polar projections, disposedin axial alinement with said armature, substantially as set forth.A

In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature; of afield magnet frame provided with main polar projections; auxiliary polarprojections Alocated between the main polar projections; and, a coil forsaid auxiliary polar projections, disposed in axial alinement with thearmature, substantially as set forth.

6. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature; of afield magnet frame provided with main polar projections; auxiliary polarprojections which are of smaller cross-sectional area and are locatedbetween the main polar projections; bearing brackets at the oppositeends of said field magnet frame; a shaft for said armature mounted insaid brackets; and, a coil arranged -in axial alinement with thearmatureto energize said auxiliary polar-projections, substantially asset forth.

7. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with 'an armature; of aeld magnet frame having a set of mainpolar projections; a set ofauxiliary polar projections that alternate in position with the mainpolar projections; a set of main coils respectively local to said mainpolar projections; and, a single coil common to said auxiliary polarprojections, constituting a compensating and regulating winding,substantially as set forth.

8. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature; of afield magnet trame supporting two sets of alternately disposed polarprojections having windings connected respectively in series and inshunt relation to the armature windings: the windings that are seriescon nected beingr iu axial alinement with the armature` substantially'as set forth.

5l.- ln a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature: ot'a tield magnet frame supporting two sets of alternately disposed polarprojections of respectively ditferent cross sectional area and windingsconnected re spcctively in series and in shunt relation to the armaturewindings, the series connected windings being in axial aiinement withthe armature, substantially as set forth.

lo. lu a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature ot' aiicld magnet fraaie having a set of main polar projections; a set ofauxiliary polar projections that alternate in position with the mainpolar projection; a sei ot' main coils respectively local to said mainpolar projections; a single coil t'onimon' to said auxiliary polarprojections. constituting.Y a compensating winding` said alternateauxiliary polar projections extending respcc tively from opposite endsof said single roll. substantially as set forth.

l1. lu a dynamo electric machine. the colnbination with an armature: ofa tield magnet frame provided with nlan polar projections; auxiliarypolar projections located between said main polar projections; and, asingle coil common to said auxiliary polar projections; said auxiliarypolar projectionsl extending alternately from opposite ends ot' saidcoil. substantially as sct forth.

l2. in a dynamo electric machine. the combination with a rotaryarmature; of a stationary tield magnet frame pro-` vided with stationaryinaiu polar projections; stationary auxiliary projections, forming inconjunction with the armature iron, a magnetic circuit distinct fromthat ot' the main polar projections; and. a coil disposed in axialalinement with said armature, arranged to energize said auxiliary polarprojections, substantially as set forth.

lll. ln a dynamo electric machine. the combination with an armature; ofa main tield comprising coils provided with main polar projections; anauxiliary tield comprising a coil provided with auxiliary polarprojections extending alternately from the respectively opposite endsthereof, and between said main polar projections. substantially as setforth.

14. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature; of amain tield comprising coils provided with main polar projections; anauxiliary field comprising a coil provided with auxiliary projectionsextending alternately from the respectively opposite ends thereof, andbetween said main polar projections; said auxiliary field coil beingdisposed in axial alinement wlthsaid armature` substantially as setforth.

15. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature: of amain tield comprising coils provided with main polar projections; anauxiliary tield comprising a coil provided with auxiliary polarprojections extending between said main polar projections; saidauxiliary polar projections being of respectively alternate polarity,substantially as set forth.

lo. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armature; of amain ield comprising coils provided with inain polar projections; anauxiliary field comprising a coil provided with auxiliary polarprojections extending between said uiain polar projections; saidauxiliary polar projections being of respectively alternate polarity,and equal in number to said main polar projections, substantially as setforth,

17. In a dynamo electric machine. the combination with an armature; of amain tield comprising coils provided with main polar projections; anauxiliary' tield comprising a coil provided with auxiliary polarprojections extending between said main polarprojections; said auxiliarypolar projections being of respectively alternate polarity wlierebylines of force of said auxiliary field local to the armature. extendcircumferentlally with respect to the armature axis. substantially asset forth.

18. ln a dynamo electric machine, Athe combination with an armature; ofa main tield comprising coils provided with main polar projections; anauxiliary eid comprising a coil provided with auxiliary polarprojections. extendingl between said main polar projections; saidauxiliary coil being disposed in concentric relation with said armature.substantially as set forth.

19. In a dynamo electric machine. the combination with an armaturehaving a shaft of a main tield magnet t'rauie provided with polarprojections; an auxiliary tield magnet frame comprising a central hubencircling said armature shai't: polai' projections extending outwardlyfrom said hnb within said main frame and between said main polarprojections: and. means detachably securing said'niaiu tield frame andauxiliary field frame in concentric relation. substantially as setforth.

20. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armaturehaving a shaft; of a main tield magnet frame provided with polarprojections; an auxiliary tield magnet frame comprising a central hubencircling said armature shaft: .polar projections extending outwardlyfrom said hub within said main frame and between said mainpolarprojections; and. means detachably securing said main tield frameand auxiliary iield frame in concentric relation. substantially as setforth.

2l. ln a dynamo electric machine, the combination willi an armaturehaving a shaft; of a lnain tield magnet fraaie provided with polaiprojections; an auxiliary tield magnet frame provided with polarprojections extending within said main frame between said main polarprojections and. means securing said main field frame and auxiliarytield frame in concentric relation. comprising an annular platedetachably connected with both of said frames. substantially as setforth.

2L. [n a dynamo electric machine, the conibiliatioii willi an armaturehaving a shaft of a main field magnet frame provided with polarprojections; an auxiliary tield magnet frame provided with polarprojections extending within said main frame between said main polarprojections; and,

means securing said main field frame and auxiliary tieldv frame inconcentric relation, comprising a plate detachably connected with bothof said frames, substantially as set forth.

23. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with an armaturehaving a shaft of a main field magnet frame provided with polarprojections; an auxiliary field magnet frame distinct from said mainframe and comprising separable meinbers, extending transversely withrespect to said shafty carrying auxiliary polar projections; and, meansdetachably securing said auxiliary frame members in separable relation,substantially as set forth.

24. In a dynamo electric machine. the combination with an armaturehaving a shaft of a main tield magnet frame provided with polarprojections; an auxiliary tield magnet fraaie distinct from said mainframe and comprising sep arable members, extending transversely withrespect to said shaft, carrying auxiliary polar projections: and, a coilbetween said frame members arranged to energize said auxiliary polarprojections, substantially as set forth.

25. A dynamo electric machine having an armature, main tield polarprojections and auxiliary eommutating tield polar projections; the axesof said main polar projections being radial with respect to the.armature axis. and the axes of said auxiliary polar projections beingpurallel with the armature axis; and, a coil arranged with its axisparallel with the axis of the armature to energize said auxiliary polarprojections. substantially as set forth.

.tL A dynamo electric machine having an armature, main iicld polarprojections and auxiliary comnmtatingtield polar projections; the axesof said main polar projee tions being radial with respect to thearmature. axis, and the axes of said auxiliary polar projections beingparallel with the armature axis: a main tield frame rigidly connectingsaid main polar projections independently of said auxiliary polarprojections; and, an auxiliary tield frame rigidly connecting saidauxiliary polar projections independently of said main polarprojections, substantially as set forth.

27. A dynamo electric machine having an armature, main tield polarvprojections and auxiliary eommutating tield polar projections; and, acoil arranged with its axis yparallel with the axis of the armature toenergize said conmutzltng-iield polar projections, substantially as setforth.

28. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with :i rotaryarmature; of a stationary eld magnet frame provided with stationary mainpolar projections; stationnry auxiliary projections, forming inconjunction with the armature iron, a magnetic circuit distinct fromthat of the main polar projections; und, a coil disposed in axialalinement with said armature, arranged lto energize said 10 auxiliarypolar projections, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name,

at Philadelphia in the State of Pennsylvania this 21st day of July 1906.

MATHIAS PFATISCHER.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR E. IMcn.

E. L. FULLEn'roN.'

It is hereby certified 'that in Letters Patent No. 870,313, grantedNovember 5, 1907, upon the application of Mathias Pfatischer, ofPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Dynamo-ElectricMachines, an error appears in the printed specification requiringcorrection, as follows: In line 21, page 3, the word roll should readcoil; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to .the record of the casein the Patent Oice.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of November, A. D., 1907.

[SEAL] E. yB. MOORE,

Commissioner of Patents.

